Where does the dirt on the graphite heat exchanger come from?

For commonly used five ink heat exchangers, according to the scaling mechanism, dirt is generally classified into the following categories:

(1) Crystallization fouling: refers to the fouling formed by the deposition of inorganic salt crystals dissolved in supersaturated flowing liquids on the surface of graphite heat exchangers, which is called crystallization fouling. Scale is a common accumulation in industrial equipment. In water cooling systems, calcium and magnesium salts that are supersaturated in water crystallize and deposit on the surface of graphite heat exchangers due to temperature, pH, and other changes, forming scale.

(2) Particulate fouling: Solid particles suspended in a fluid system, such as sand, dust, and carbon black, that accumulate on the heat exchange surface.

(3) Chemical reaction fouling: Sediments formed between heated surfaces and fluids due to self oxidation and polymerization reactions, also known as chemical reactions.

(4) Corrosive fouling: Due to the corrosive nature of the fluid or the presence of corrosive impurities, the heat exchange surface is corroded, resulting in the deposition of corrosion products on the heat exchange surface and the formation of fouling.

(5) Biological fouling: It is a sticky sediment formed by the adhesion of microbial communities and their excreta, chemical pollutants, mud and other components to the walls of heat exchange tubes, pipelines, etc., called biological fouling.

(6) Solidification fouling: fouling formed by the solidification and deposition of highly soluble components of cleaning liquids or multi-component solutions on supercooled heat exchange surfaces. Scaling is often the result of multiple processes working together and influencing each other. In the actual fouling on the heat exchange surface, multiple types of fouling are often mixed together.